Who, What, When,
Where, Why and How?
Cincinnati Observatory
Who?
The
Cincinnati Observatory was founded by a man named Ormsby McKnight Mitchel. He was a professor at Cincinnati College
and had inspired an enthusiasm in the public for astronomy through his public
lectures. During this time, there were
only a few small telescopes in the country, but no big power instruments
existed. Mitchel interested many people
in possibly building the first observatory in the U.S. At the end of one of his lectures, he
introduced a crowd of 2000 to his plans.
What?
The site
for the observatory was a four acre lot on the top of Mt.
Ida, about four hundred feet above the
city of Cincinnati. The property was given to the Astronomical
Society by its owner, Nicholas Longworth.
When?
The whole
project was founded by Mitchel in 1842.
In the same year, he traveled to Munich
to inspect a twelve inch lens of the highest quality. In 1843, the cornerstone was laid by the
former president of the United
States, John Adams. He had expressed a deep interest in astronomy
and had tried to convince congress to found a National Observatory in 1825 and
failed. Although he was 77, and wasn't in
the best condition and health, he traveled to Cincinnati for the founding
because he felt that this was a big step in the U.S being internationally
recognized for its intellectual and scientific endeavors.
Where?
Site was
located on the top of Mount Ida in Cincinnati,
high above the city.
Why?
Mitchel had
brought out a major interest in Astronomy.
He also had a strong interest and had undertaken supervision for the
construction of the project in 1842. At
the dedication, John Adams gave his last public speech. After that, the mountain was renamed “Mount Adams”. By the
time the foundation for the building was laid, the whole country was in
economic depression. Nearly all of the
money that was raised went to the purchasing of the telescope. The whole project was without any money for
its completion.
How?
The
telescope itself cost about nine thousand dollars, which was a considerable sum
back then. When all the money was gone,
and the project seemed as if it would not be completed, Mitchel volunteered to
become the director of the project, and raised some additional money for its
completion. He also paid for a lot of it
out of his own pocket. He relied on his
salary from the
Cincinnati
College. But soon after the Observatory was completed,
the college burned down and Mitchel was left without any monetary support. In spite of this, Mitchel still served as the
director of the Observatory
Source:
www.cincinnatiobservatory.org